Orthognathic and jaw surgery
A plain language guide to corrective jaw surgery, how it works with braces and what the process looks like from start to finish.
What is orthognathic surgery?
Orthognathic surgery, also called corrective jaw surgery, repositions the upper jaw, the lower jaw or both. It is done to improve how the teeth fit together, how you chew and speak, how you breathe and how the face is balanced. It is planned together with an orthodontist, because the teeth and the jaws are moved as one treatment.
Who it may help
Jaw surgery is considered when braces alone cannot fix the problem. It may help people who have:
- A bite that does not close properly, such as an open bite, an underbite or a significant overbite
- Difficulty chewing, biting or speaking because of the way the jaws line up
- Jaw or facial asymmetry
- Jaw related breathing problems, including some cases of obstructive sleep apnea
- Jaw pain or wear that is linked to how the jaws fit together
What to expect
Treatment is a partnership between your orthodontist and your surgeon. Braces are usually placed first and often worn for a year or more, to line up the teeth so they fit well once the jaws are moved. Your surgeon uses a 3D scan and detailed planning to map the surgery.
Surgery is done in the hospital under general anesthesia, and most patients stay one night. The incisions are generally made inside the mouth. Recovery takes weeks, with a soft or liquid diet at first, and then a gradual return to regular foods. Braces continue for a period afterward to finish the bite.
Common questions
How do I know if I need jaw surgery?
The first step is an exam with your orthodontist or surgeon, with X rays and a 3D scan. If the problem is in the position of the jaws rather than just the teeth, surgery may be recommended.
When can jaw surgery be done?
Usually after the jaws have finished growing, which is often in the late teens, though timing is individual. Adults of any age can be treated.
Will surgery change how I look?
Moving the jaws can change facial balance, and your surgeon talks through the expected changes with you during planning. The aim is a bite that works well and a face that looks natural for you.
How long is recovery?
Most people take about two to three weeks away from work or school, although this varies, and swelling continues to settle over several months. Your surgeon will give you a specific timeline.
Will there be scars?
Incisions are generally inside the mouth, so there is usually no visible scar. In some cases a small incision on the skin is needed, and your surgeon will tell you if that applies.
Does insurance cover jaw surgery?
When surgery is needed to correct a functional problem, medical insurance often covers part of it, but coverage varies by plan. The practice can help you check your benefits.
This guide is general information and is not medical or dental advice. Every patient is different, and your own surgeon will recommend what is right for you. Please do not send health information through this website.
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Dr. Bednar provides this care at Associated Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons, P.A., and welcomes patients from across the Twin Cities metro and surrounding Minnesota communities. Dentists can refer a patient online.
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